Since the concept of kill chain was proposed，the kill chain in various combat domains，especially the aerial kill chain，has played an increasingly important role in the informationized and intelligent battlefield.The construction of the aerial kill chain includes link design，link connectivity，and link verification，which requires the coordination of various human and material resources to be completed.It has strong system characteristics and engineering practicality.However，most of the existing researches related to aerial kill chain remain at the theoretical level，and the verification methods are mostly theoretical derivation or simulation deduction，which are unable to effectively guide the practical construction of aerial kill chain.In view of this，an aerial kill chain construction method is proposed based on the system engineering principle and practical experience.The SWOT analysis method is used to study and analyze the aerial kill chain and refine the basic principles of link construction.A Hall three-dimensional structural model of the aerial kill chain is established to clarify the basic logic of link construction.And then an interpretative structural model is used to design the aerial kill chain to clearly reflect the structural characteristics of the system.The case verification is made on the proposed aerial kill chain construction method，and an information transmission network is established to connect the equipment nodes.The orthogonal experiment and evaluation index system are designed.The results such as link closure time，link availability，node matching and target damage degree are obtained through experiment.It is proved that the aerial kill chain construction method based on system engineering principle can effectively and reasonably guide the construction practice of aerial kill chain.

Metal additive manufacturing is recognized as a crucial technology for the rapid prototyping and precision fabrication of special high-dynamic （high overload and high strain rate） micro-electro-mechanical system （MEMS） components，particularly for heterogeneous and complex components.Selective laser melting （SLM） serves as the technical approach to address the microscopic mechanical defects due to the density variations，the difficulty in controlling surface morphology and other factors during the additive manufacturing process of specialized MEMS components.A comprehensive experimental investigation is conducted to optimize the additive filling and surface morphology of high-dynamic MEMS components，focusing on the internal filling effects and external surface morphology.The orthogonal and single-factor control variable experiments are used to optimize the SLM multi-parameter process and perform the range and variance analyses.The study concludes that the density is primarily governed by the energy input during the formation of melt pool，while the surface roughness is predominantly determined by the dynamic behavior during the solidification of melt pool.The process parameters influencing the density and surface roughness are ranked，and the optimal synergistic process parameters are determined：a laser power of 130W，a scanning speed of 700mm/s，a laser spot diameter of 0.045mm，and a scan spacing of 0.06mm.MEMS components are fabricated and test based on these parameters.The performance testing shows that the density can reach 99.19% is achieved，while the surface roughness is reduced to 5.45μm.Additionally，a tensile strength of 435MPa is recorded.These results meet the requirements for the use of fuze in the high dynamic environments and provide the valuable process parameters for the fabrication of similar thin-walled MEMS components，thereby enhancing the efficiency of design iteration and optimization.

On the vast ocean，some islands and reefs are scattered and far apart from each other.The traditional energy power generation mode is facing prominent problems such as difficulties in power supply guarantee，and high operation and maintenance costs，etc.In order to fully develop renewable energy in the ocean and build a sustainable offshore energy supply system，the offshore wind power generation technology is gradually becoming a strategic choice to solve the problem of power supply in remote islands and reefs.As a new type of electromagnetic energy conversion device based on advanced magnetic field modulation theory，the permanent magnet vernier motor (PMVM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the fields of ship propulsion and offshore wind power generation due to its excellent low-speed and high torque characteristics，and is particularly suitable for use as the core power generation unit of offshore island microgrids.A multi-node magnetic circuit analytical model system is structured for tangential excitation PMVM.An accurate analytical solution for the air gap magnetic field in this structure is obtained through rigorous mathematical modeling.Based on the theory of magnetic field modulation and the principle of electromechanical energy conversion，the quantitative relationship among the core electromagnetic parameters such as air gap magnetic field，no-load back electromotive force，electromagnetic torque and armature inductance with the size of motor are systematically established.Taking into account the bilateral slotting effect，the error of the core electrical parameters is controlled within 2%.Specifically，the direct current attenuation method is used to achieve the high-precision experimental calibration of motor inductance parameters.The error between the predicted values of the analytical model and the measured data is controlled within 3%，fully verifying the effectiveness of the theoretical model.This study provides a complete theoretical analysis framework and engineering practice guidance for the rapid design and optimization of tangential excitation structure PMVM.The accuracy and engineering applicability of the analytical model are confirmed through the comparative verification of finite element simulation and prototype experiments.

To explore the mechanical properties and microscopic mechanisms of particle system densification process，a measurement ball generation method with automatic position adjustment is proposed and a uniaxial compression discrete element numerical model of particle system is established.The evolution laws of displacement field and velocity field of particle system during densification process are analyzed，and the influence laws of particle size and loading speed on porosity and coordination number of particle system are studied.The evolution characteristics of force chain network of particle system during densification process are analyzed，and the influence laws and microscopic mechanisms of mechanical properties of particle system during densification process are revealed.The research results indicate that the densification process of particle systems can be divided into three stages：rapid densification，slow densification，and steady densification.A wider particle size distribution is conducive to improving the filling density of particles and accelerating the densification process.During the densification process，the displacement field and velocity field exhibit a centralization phenomena.The loading speed has a significant impact on porosity The porosity decreases from 35.23% to 27.50%，26.2%，24.4%，and 22.3%，respectively，at speeds of 0.05m/s，0.5m/s，1.5m/s，and 3m/s.Increasing the loading speed is beneficial for the compaction of the particle system.The larger the particle size is，the greater the particle deformation and contact strength are during the loading process.The combination of 0.8-1.5mm mixed particle sizes significantly affects the formation of force chains and the uniformity of stress，leading to a stable state of short chain dominance and long chain shrinkage during the densification process of particle system.

A polynomial guidance law that takes into account the constraints on impact angle，impact speed and seeker’s field-of-view （FOV） is proposed for the issue of air-to-ground missile attacking the moving ground target in a two-dimensional scenario.Based on polynomial shaping theory，the line-of-sight （LOS） angle between the missile and the target is formulated as a polynomial function of the relative distance.An algebraic relationship for the polynomial coefficients is derived by using the boundary conditions such as the impact angle constraint.To address the impact speed constraint，the unknown polynomial coefficient is designed as a control parameter and is updated using an iterative learning method，thereby generating a nominal guidance command.Considering the limitation imposed by the FOV angle constraint of seeker，a safe set is established using the control barrier function method.An optimization problem is formulated to adjust the nominal guidance command，ensuring that the seeker’s FOV remains within the constrained boundary throughout the engagement.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed guidance law can be used to guide the missile to the target while satisfying the constraints on impact angle，impact speed and seeker’s FOV.

Magnetic field-modulated fractional-slot permanent magnet motor utilizes the magnetic field modulation effect to eliminate the need for the gearbox structure in traditional electric propulsion system，which simplifies the electric propulsion system architecture and reduces mechanical noise.Furthermore，magnetic field -modulated fractional-slot permanent magnet motor is particularly suitable for the electric propulsion of AUVs due to their high power density and high torque density.Magnetic field -modulated fractional-slot permanent magnet motor can utilize multiple harmonic components of the excitation magnetic flux density to work cooperatively，significantly enhancing the motor’s torque density.However，this type of motor simultaneously modulates certain low-order harmonic components of the armature magnetic flux density.This leads to the issues such as low power factor，high harmonic losses，and significant torque ripple in magnetic field-modulated motors，negatively impacting the stealth capabilities and operational efficiency of AUVs.This paper focuses on the control strategies for torque ripple suppression，power factor improvement，and efficiency optimization from the perspective of motor optimization control.Finally，the current state of technology regarding the application of such motors in new energy power generation is summarized，marine propulsion，and electric vehicles，followed by a discussion on the key technologies and future development directions for their application in AUVs.

The shipboard equipment is constantly exposed to complex and harsh marine environments during the actual operation of ship.Some factors such as seawater corrosion，high humidity and mechanical vibrations accelerate the aging process of electrical components.Moreover，the human-induced operational errors，sudden natural disasters like severe storms，and unexpected equipment malfunctions can all cause significant damage to the shipboard power system and its communication infrastructure.Once damaged，a large amount of key data within the power system is lost，severely influencing the normal operation of the system and making it extremely difficult to accurately perceive the security situation，thus posing potential risks to the overall safety and reliability of the ship.Aiming at the issues of slow computation speed and subpar data restoration accuracy of the existing missing data recovery algorithms for power systems，this paper proposes an ultra-high-resolution measurement generation method based on minimal measurement information.In this method，the uneven spatial distribution of measurement points and their varying accuracies are fully considered to construct a spatial sparse measurement state equation for the power system，and the graph Fourier decomposition is employed to introduce a low-dimensional approximate equation of voltage for reducing the model parameters and enabling efficient low-order linear approximation.The innovative concept of a mask is also incorporated to build a state estimation optimization equation based on graph signal processing，achieving the rapid reconstruction of distribution network voltage and improving the global voltage quality.Through the IEEE-85 bus test case，the proposed method increases the voltage recovery accuracy by an average of 50% in the case of different measurement quantities compared with traditional methods like SDP-SE and MCSE，and reduces the computation time from minute-level to second-level compared with SDP-SE，supporting online system operation.Experiments in CloudPSS with an actual shipboard power system topological diagram show that the method can recover the missing voltage data within 1.2 seconds with an average absolute error of only 0.88%，validating its ability to accurately grasp the global information and enhance the anti-interference and self-healing capabilities of shipboard power system even when the communication system is partially damaged，ensuring the stable operation of shipboard power system.

In order to find a low-cost absorbent material to treat the wastewater containing 2，4，6-trinitrotoluene （TNT），the activated coke （AC） prepared from lignite is used to adsorb the wastewater containing TNT，and the kinetics and thermodynamics of AC，and the differences of AC surface and DSC-TGA before and after adsorption are studied.The results show that the adsorption kinetics of AC adsorbing TNT conforms to the pseudo-second order kinetic model，and the intraparticle diffusion of TNT onto AC is identified to be the rate limiting step.The adsorption process of TNT by AC is an endothermic process，and mainly chemical adsorption process.The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model is more suitable to fit the adsorption process of TNT by AC.When the concentration of TNT is 98.8mg/L，the dose of AC is 2.5g/L，pH is neutral，the temperature is 40℃，and the oscillation period is 360min，99.4% of TNT can be removed.The surface pores of AC are blocked after adsorbing TNT.The peak temperature of DSC-TGA decreases from 546.5℃ to 521.5℃，and its heat flow increases from 178.5mW to 209.6mW.

Aerial target threat assessment remains a critical component in modern military operations，particularly in highly dynamic and uncertain combat environments.The traditional methods are difficult to effectively handle multi-target threats，real-time decision-making，and environmental uncertainties.To address these limitations，this paper proposed a DCA-AEST framework which combines two novel modules：dynamic cross-attention feature extraction (DCAFE) and adaptive entropy SAC-Twin (AEST).The DCAFE module utilizes a hierarchical cross-attention mechanism to dynamically extract high-order feature interactions from complex multi-source battlefield data，thereby enhancing the accuracy of threat detection and prioritization.The AEST module integrates the reinforcement learning with the expert-guided reward shaping and adaptive entropy regularization，allowing the module to adaptively optimize its threat evaluation strategy in real-time.The proposed DCA-AEST framework is rigorously validated through extensive experiments in a high-fidelity adversarial combat simulation environment.The results demonstrate that DCA-AEST framework has superior performance in comparison to state-of-the-art models，showcasing significant improvements in adaptability，decision-making stability，and threat assessment accuracy in dynamic and uncertain combat scenarios.

For the task assignment of loitering munition swarm cooperatively conducting the reconnaissance，attack and assessment （RAA） tasks，a joint-bidding-based consensus-based bundle algorithm （JCBBA） is proposed by taking into account the constraint of time precedence，the heterogeneous characteristics of target property and the requirement of supporting the multiple munitions to jointly execute an identical task.Munition swarm task assignment of cooperative RAA is first formulated as combinatorial optimization problems.Then based on the structure of CBBA，a task bundle construction mechanism，an individual biding strategy and a marginal benefits computation method considering joint biding are tailored to achieve the fast and robust assignment of task with time precedence constraint in non-center communication networks.Numerical simulations under different scenarios show that JCBBA can achieve reasonable allocation of time precedence tasks while multiple constraints are satisfied，and the comparison tests demonstrate that JCBBA could better trade-off the computation efficiency and optimality with the solving time reduced by approximately 40% compared to consensus-based coalition algorithm.

The heterogeneous electrical interconnections of microminiature fuzes are a key issue that restricts the further reduction of volume to realize higher density integration.A laminated 3D electrical interconnection structure for fuzes based on additive manufacturing technology is proposed to improve the space utilization rate of electrical interconnections in the process of fuzes miniaturization，and the feasibility of the interconnection structure is verified through performance simulation analysis，prototype preparation，and multidimensional and multi-environmental tests.The results show that the laminated 3D electrical interconnection structure realizes the graphical，high-density，and highly integrated electrical interconnection through vertical stacking，which reduces or even eliminates the gap between circuits and electronic devices，and significantly improves the space utilization rate and connection efficiency； after integrating with the fuze ignition control circuit，the overall height of the structure is reduced by about 80% compared with the traditional pin connection，while the resistance is only 0.018Ω.After -54-71℃ thermal shock test，wheeled vehicle transportation vibration test，55000g high-impact overload test and other extreme environmental tests，the the microscopic images of vertical through-hole and horizontal trace show that the structure is undamaged.Tthe detonation performance test shows that the electrical performance of ignition control module is intact，its structural performance and electrical performance are reflected in the high reliability.

In response to the demand for high-precision target positioning of airborne electro-optical payloads in complex environment，the comprehensive target positioning capability of airborne payloads is studied.This paper proposes a test scheme for evaluating the comprehensive target positioning capability of airborne electro-optical payloads in complex field environments.Based on the positioning principles of electro-optical payloads，the scheme is used to quantitatively assesses the positioning capabilities of different types of electro-optical payloads under complex environmental conditions.A specific type of airborne electro-optical payload is tested and verified.The verified results indicate that the angular positioning error is amplified with the increase in the target distance when the platform exhibits slight motion，thereby affecting the positioning accuracy.Additionally，the assembly deviations between the boresight and optical axis result in the ability to detect and lock onto distant targets，but lead to the increased positioning errors or even failure to position accurately.This scheme enables the quantitative evaluation of the positioning capability of airborne electro-optical payloads.The work in this paper provides a clear direction for performance optimization of such payloads.Future efforts will further incorporate other weather conditions and conduct the positioning capability tests on dynamic targets.

The image quality of space-based optical payloads is a crucial index for evaluating their imaging performance.Significant differences exist between laboratory test （under ideal conditions） and outdoor practical application （in complex environments）.It proposes a comprehensive evaluation of the ground resolution of the optical payload using bar targets，conducted through testing both in the laboratory and outdoors，with the field test results serving as the final assessment criterion.Practical testing is conducted based on a space-based optical payload.The research results indicate that the platform vibration，atmospheric turbulence，thermal noise，and other factors lead to the actual spatial resolution lower than the theoretical value，with their combined effects causing a system performance degradation of 15% - 32%.These findings provide an important basis for the objective and quantitative evaluation of the practical operational capability of space-based optical payloads and point out the main directions for performance optimization.

To enhance the mission performance of ships，this paper focuses on the evaluation of ship anti-strike capability during missions，and proposes a ship anti-strike capability evaluation model based on the structural equation modeling-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method （SEM-FCEM） to comprehensively assess the anti-strike capability of ship.Starting from establishing an index system for the anti-strike capability of ship，a structural equation model （SEM） for the anti-strike capability of ship is constructed.Simulated mission data is processed and analyzed，and the structural equation model is implemented via statistical analysis software to derive the path coefficients of each index for the anti-strike capability of ship，thereby obtaining index weights.To calculate the evaluation value of the anti-strike capability of ship，the structural equation model is combined with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The calculation principles of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are used to process the combat simulation data and the data obtained from the structural equation model，ultimately achieving mission-oriented evaluation of the anti-strike capability of ship.Additionally，this approach can assess and analyze the level of each sub-capability of ship strike resistance to identify the weaknesses and propose the targeted improvement suggestions.

In a typical integrated power system （IPS），the generator sets，transmission lines and distribution network are integrated in a relatively confined space，which leads to the tight coupling between the devices and accelerates the propagation of cascading failures.A risk assessment model of cascading failures in unmanned platform IPS is established based on pattern search theory and risk assessment theory，which is used to analyze the cascading failure of IPS under severe operating environment and frequent mode switching.Based on the model，a risk assessment is performed on a typical MVDC IPS，and the influences of different operation conditions and reliability parameters on the cascading failure risk are also analyzed.The proposed risk assessment model is validated through risk assessment and anlysis.Based on the risk assessment results，the weak links of the system are identified，and the corresponding prevention strategies are proposed by optimizing the equipment structure.The proposed cascading failure prevention strategies are verified through both simulation and experiment.

To solve the problem of power distribution in unmanned diesel-electrical power system，this paper proposes an improved constant power control strategy of inverter.The active power control command of the strategy is obtained by calculating the frequency deviation and droop coefficient，and its reactive power control command is obtained by calculating the voltage deviation and droop coefficient.The control strategy can be used to directly introduce the dynamic changes in the frequency and voltage of diesel-engine generator into the inverter control，equally distribute the power to the inverter and diesel-engine generator when operating in parallel by properly setting the droop coefficients，and deal with the generator overload or reverse power caused by sudden loading or unloading in unmanned systems.Simulation and experiment verify that the proposed control strategy is feasible and effective.