To solve the detection distance of infrared thermal imager, using MODTRAN program, the atmospheric spectral transmittance in different cloud and rain conditions was calculated. For detector anglefixed and heightfixed operating, using the spectrumpath bisection method and spectrumangle bisection method respectively, the thermal imaging system detection distances of point source target were evaluated. Under cirrus weather conditions, the effects of the detection probability, rainfall rate, cloud thickness and cloud base height on the atmospheric spectral transmittance and the detection distance were analyzed. The results show that the selection of detection probability of infrared thermal imaging system has a great influence on the detection distance. In the case of tank target, when the detection probability increases from 10% to 90%, the detection distance reduces by 21.7%. The rainfall rate also has a great influence on atmospheric transmittance and the detection distance. When the rainfall rate increases from 0 to 4.0 mm/h, the detection distance decreases by 76.8%. The effects of the cloud thickness and cloud base height are associated with the geometric position relationship between the detector and the cloud. The upper bound of the detection distance of human target is 5.60 km. The detection distance is also influenced by the detector operating model. The biggest difference is about 3.8%.

In the field of smoke screen technology, the total obscure power (TOP) is a characterization parameter of smokescreen obscure power for human visual. A smokescreen TOP testing system, which can implement the automatic TOP measurement, was developed based on the irradiance measurement technology. This system is stable, efficient, real-time and reconfigurable. Under the conditions of 26℃ and 80% relative humidity, a test for yellow phosphorus-derived smoke TOP was performed. It was verified that the test result conformed with the empirical value.

The field angle of f-theta lens used in laser marking system is generally less than 60. By adopting a telescope structure and using a method of visual magnification, a super wide lens with the field angle of 90was obtained in the optical system. The method is simple, reliable, and easy to achieve. Based on the analysis of primary aberrations, the parameters of initial structure were determined, and the ftheta lens with a large working area of 285 mm in diameter was obtained by optimizing the initial structure with ZEMAX. The linear distortion error of the lens is less than 1%, the energy concentration rate is 80% in the circle with a radius of 698 m and the focusing performance is diffraction-limited.

To attaina ground resolution of 0.2 m when flying at an altitude of 10 000 m, we designed a high-resolution CCD aerial photography lens with long focal length and catadioptric optical path. In this design, we used ordinary glass to correct the secondary spectrum from large diameter and long focal length. In the condition of the large area array, high resolution CCD as the receiver with a single pixel size of 8 m and an effective size of 36 mm48 mm, the modulation transfer function of every FOV approached to the diffraction limit at 60 lp/mm, which met the image quality requirements. Finally, it achieved the alltime observation and measurement with wide band range of 470 nm~950 nm.

In order to solve the problems of low energy utilization and low efficiency in femtosecond laser micromachining, a new method of femtosecond parallel processing based on spatial light modulator (SLM) was proposed. Based on the discussion of the relationship between incident angle and diffraction angle, the principle of superposition of multiple diffraction gratings was analyzed. Multiple beams were generated by loading the phase holograms calculated using gerchberg and saxton(GS) algorithm on the SLM. The parallel femtosecond laser beam with the pulse width of 100 fs and the wavelength of 800 nm was focused inside a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sample, uniform multipoint patterns of 一 and 工 were observed. Experimental results show that it is an effective method for controlling multibeam parallel processing.

A multi-wavelength thulium-doped actively mode-locked fiber laser was introduced, in which the gain medium was a 2 m thulium-doped fiber, and the active mode-locking could be realized by LiNbO₃ intensity modulator. An optical filter based on birefringence was added into cavity, the birefringence filter effect of polarization maintaining fiber was used to filter out the superfluous supermode noise in cavity, and also the multi-wavelength output could be realized. The mode-locked pulse frequency spectrum signal-to-noise ratio could reach to 68.48 dB at fundamental frequency, and the maximum number of wavelength channels was 5 in a stable mode-locked state. Furthermore, the polarization independent isolator in cavity was replaced by polarization dependent isolator, and mode-locked pulse was modulated by digital signal. The optical signal-to-noise ratio of eye diagram can be increased by 8.67 dB, which indicates that time stability of mode-locked pulse can be improved effectively.

In order to realize high accuracy absolute radiometric calibration of large aperture integrating sphere source, the spectral radiance calibration method based on tungsten strip lamp was studied, then the spectral radiation uniformity calibration method through concentric scanning was discussed. An absolute radiometric calibration device was developed on this basis. The spectral radiance, luminance and color temperature of the integrated sphere source with the opening diameter of Ф300 mm were calibrated. The results of experiment prove that the uncertainty of spectral radiance absolute calibration is less than 4%.

Aiming at the deficiency of the existing laser absorption rate measurement，a laser absorbing rate measuring device based on integrating sphere method was designed on the basis of the existing laser absorption rate measurement device.The light tube structure was added, the light source was monitored, and the light beam was modulated. The method of correlation detection and synchronous acquisition was adopted, which could effectively remove the influence on the measurement of background noise, detector noise and detection circuit noise. Furthermore, the influence of the light tube on the sample absorption rate was compared in experiment, and the experiments on multiple samples were carried out. The results show that the measurement error of the device can reach ±2% or less for the sample reflectance in the range of 10×10-6~10 000×10-6ppm,which indicates that highaccuracy measurement of laser absorption rate is achieved.

In order to evaluate the integrated properties of visible photoelectric imaging system exactly and objectively, the calibration equipment was developed. The equipment was composed of integrating sphere, standard card, off-axis reflective collimator, mechanical adjustment bench, video acquisition module and comprehensive software. It could complete a measurement of resolution,contrast,optical transfer function(MTF),noise power spectrum, noise equivalent light and sensitivity.For a certain visible photoelectric imaging product, the effectiveness of the equipment was proved. The comprehensive parameter measurements are given:the cut-off frequency is 39.4 mm-1, the contrast is 76.5%,the root-mean-square (RMS) noise is 2.14 mV,the noise equivalent light(NEL) is 0.045 5 cd/m2 and the sensitivity is 47 mV（cd/m2)-1. In addition, an illuminometer and a standard video pattern generator were respectively adopted for making calibration, results show that the maximum relative measurement errors of integrating sphere and the signal acquisition system are -2.3% and 1%.

According to semi-classical theory for random laser, the Maxwell equations with the rate equations of electronic population can be solved by Finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The saturation effects of quasi-state modes in 1-dimension random lasers were numerically investigated based on this theory. The spatial and frequency distributions of different quasi-state modes were obtained. The results show that some properties of quasi-state modes, such as localization, will influence the saturation effects of the random laser system. By investigating these effects, the best quasi-state mode with low threshold and high saturation intensity can be achieved as a steady system output through one single frequency pump.

Aiming at the problem of lack of research on optimizing thermal condition of ultraviolet spectrometers, a Rowland circle spectrometer with a detection range of 200 nm~450 nm and a full-band resolution of no less than 0.2 nm was designed, and optimized the thermal conditions of its optical chamber by coupling optical, thermal and structural simulations. The thermal simulation results showed that the temperature and temperature difference of the spectrometer base was increased with time in the absence of heating and inlet wind speed, and it was difficult to achieve thermal balance. The inlet wind speed of optical chamber was optimized, and it was found that when that was 0.8 m/s, the overall temperature was dropped to 36.103 ℃~39.859 ℃. Based on the calculation of thermal deformation between optical devices, the intercept of total thermal deformation of several optical devices was 0.203 mm. After refining the heating method, the top-layer heating was found to be the best way, the overall temperature was dropped to 34.241 ℃~36.139 ℃, and the intercept of total thermal deformation was reduced to 0.122 mm. The optical simulation results show that the optimized Rowland circle spectrometer can still clearly distinguish the two beams with a wavelength difference of 0.2 nm after thermal deformation.

A sliding mode dynamic surface control(SMDSC)strategy was proposed in order to solve the uncertain interference problem which may influence the tracking precision and the response time of the fast steering mirror (FSM)system, due to the external environment and the mechanical inertia and electromagnetic inertia of the voice coil actuator in the course of acquisition, tracking and pointing in FSM system. The controller introduces the tracking differentiator (TD) to instead the first-order filter in the traditional dynamic surface control, which improves the problem of unsatisfactory convergence speed and control precision of the first-order inertial link. Besides, the controller which combines sliding mode control with dynamic surface control further improves the anti-interference ability and tracking accuracy of the system. A large number of simulation studies show that, compared with the traditional dynamic surface control and classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, the designed SMDSC increases by 62.5%, 75% respectively in the response time, 72%, 88% respectively in the adjustment time, and 75%, 96% respectively the tracking accuracy.

The type and operation of smokescreen were described, the masking principle of jet smokescreen was analyzed .According to the three-primary-color principle, a measurement utilizing red-green-blue (RGB) color mode to assess the chroma of color smokescreen was presented. The attenuation rate data matrix difference method which was currently widely-used to measure the forming time of smokescreen and its errors were analyzed, and a new method using color smokescreen RGB data matrix was proposed to measure the forming time of color smokescreen. The method can eliminate the systematic errors caused by the factors such as the shape and forming way of smokescreen , the target amount, the disposition pattern and so on .Analysis result shows that the measurement accuracy of the method for jet smoke formation time improves 90%, which has the advantages of high accuracy and easy data processing, and provides an effective measure for the smokescreen shielding effect assessment.

ZnS/Al2O3/MgF2 three-layer antireflection coating with wide spectrum (300 nm～1800 nm) was designed in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of GaAs multi-junction solar cells. The influence of each layer-s thickness and refractive index on the effective reflectance of film system was analyzed. The results show that the impact of the film thickness of ZnS is greater than that of Al2O3 and MgF2 on the effective reflectance in the whole wavelength,and the impact of MgF2 is the lowest; decreasing the refractivity of MgF2 or increasing the refractivity of ZnS proportionally can get lower effective reflectance. Furthermore, when the optimal physical thickness of ZnS,Al2O3 and MgF2 is 52.77 nm，82.61 nm and 125.17 nm respectively by programming calculation,the minimum effective reflectance is 2.31％.

We made a brief summary of the development and application of free-form surface, introduced the research status of free-form surface in space optical system abroad, described the characteristics of three kinds of free surface mathematical models and the aberration balancing ability, focused on the aberration characteristics of free-form surface optical system compared with the axisymmetric system and plane-symmetric system. In addition, we presented the aberration controlling and evaluation method of the free-form space optical system. Finally, we gave the design results of the freeform surface multi-spectral camera adopting Zernike polynomial representations. The results show that the imaging field of view is 76, it adopts telecentric optical path design ; the wide field of view MTF is superior to 0.56, and it is applicable for space multispectral imaging.

Aiming at the problem of complex Light of double CCD intersection vertical target when used indoor. a measurment principle of single linear array CCD camera vertical target was presented. Two low-power semiconductor laser with projection board were used as the lamp-house of the CCD camera. The detection light screen of the CCD camera and the laser lamp-house were adjusted to same plane. When projectile passed through the detection light screen, it block the part light of the two lasers and left two shadow on the board. The two shadow were acquired by the CCD camera and their-coordinates were cilcutated by computer, then the projectile coordinate of X and Y were obtained through further calculation. The measuring principle and the formulas were given, and the measuring error was analyzed. The results show that the coordinate error of X and Y are all less than 1.4 mm when the detection light screens is 1m1m, and this solution has advanLanges of simple,low-cost and easy to be engineering implemented.

In video-based vehicle monitoring systems, image noises seriously influenced the results of vehicle recognition, background learning, and so on. The existing filtering algorithms could not meet both the speed and filtering effect requirements of these systems. After comparing the effect and speed of vehicle recognition without filtering and with median filtering or mean filtering, the mean value filtering was selected for further study. By appropriately reducing the amount of calculation, the speed of the new filtering algorithm was increased through improving the processes of data accessing and calculating, and the algorithm was realized with Visual C++ 6.0. Experiment results show that the speed of the new algorithm is 55% faster than box filtering.

Conventional testing methods for convex aspheric surfaces were briefly reviewed, and two novel methods for testing convex asphere by partial compensation method and sub-aperture stitching interferometry (SSI) were proposed. The basic principle and theory of the two methods were investigated. The partial compensator was designed and customized, the system error of the partial compensator was calibrated, and the synthetical optimization stitching model and the effective stitching algorithm were established based on homogeneous coordinate transformation and simultaneous least-squares fitting. The prototype and setup for testing of convex asphere by the non-null testing were developed. A convex SiC asphere with the aperture of 130 mm was tested by the two methods respectively. The results show that the difference of PV and RMS error between SSI and partial compensation is 0.010 and 0.002 respectively, the full aperture surface maps of the two methods are consistent and it provides two non-null testing methods for measuring convex aspheric surfaces.

A new algorithm was studied to satisfy exterior trajectory data pre-treatment. The algorithm not only provided an effective method to real-time data processing but also had low computational cost. It was an adaptive outlier removal algorithm, which had good adaptability for radar data and photoelectric theodolite data. The standard deviation of the five successive test data was multiplied by three and the product was taken as threshold. The new method of calculating the dynamic threshold could complete real-time outlier removal of exterior trajectory data. Matlab simulation and measured data analysis proved that the proposed algorithm could completely removed isolated outlier. It is suitable for real-time exterior trajectory data processing.

Based on the horizon coordinate system and angle coordinate system, the formula between interferometric array and uv coverage of optical synthetic aperture imaging was derived using coordinate rotation. An Y-type in Nanjing was taken as an example to make the observation in a specific sky area, and the Monte Carlo method was used to optimize two objective functions, and the optimization results were compared to find more suitable objective function.

The bandpass colorimetric filter temperature measurement theory was presented, which could accurately measure the object at medium-low temperature, meanwhile, a series of experimental facility were built up based on the theory. The facilities used were calibrated accurately and the discrete data were fitted by using numerical function, a temperature-measurement experiment was done using extended blackbody in the range of 50℃~400℃. Experiment result implies that the facility can precisely obtain the true temperature of a measured objection without the presence of target launch rate. Therefore, it proves the validity of the theory and the feasibility of the temperature-measurement system matching the theory, which plays a key role in the accurate measurement of the medium-low temperature objects.

To increase the fidelity of infrared staring focal plane array(FPA) detector-s imaging simulation, we analyzed the mechanism of spatial sampling effects in the IRFPA detector,built the model in spatial region,and carried out the simulation experiment based on pixel processing method. In order to objectively evaluate the spatial sampling effects on the detector imaging quality,it defined a negative index of image smoothness. The experimental results show that the smoothness of the detector output image with spatial sampling effects is reduced by 11.7%, and the local fluctuation of image is larger, which verifies the necessity of considering the sampling effects in IR detector imaging simulation.

In order to reduce the production cost of laser displacement sensor, we put forward a design method of a new type of laser displacement sensor system. Based on the triangle measurement principle, the design uses the CCD single board computer as the photoelectric detector, utilizes the pinhole optical system to replace lens. We discussed the method to determine the important parameters of the senor system according to the characteristics of the pinhole optical system, and wrote the image processing algorithm for extracting displacement information of the target image, so as to achieve non-contact displacement measurement. Finally, we set up a set of this new type of experimental system of laser displacement sensor to carry on displacement measurement experiment, and the results show that this system can meet the measurement requirements of 50 mm range and 1 m precision.

In order to coordinate with the ground detection tracking system for detecting the flight target, we designed an air-based monochromatic beacon system. A 40W high-power semiconductor laser is used as the light source of the system, which has a certain beam divergence. As the beacon system should meet the requirements of smaller in size, lighter in weight and faster in heat dissipating to fit the air-platform, we designed the aluminum shell as fin chip in onepiece for laser, which helped solve the heat dissipation problem and reduce the system weight. To achieve the 60A high constant current, we need to drive the 40W semiconductor laser module in the limited room, the principle of diphase overlay synchronous and buck transformation circuit structure is adopted. To make the laser output power and central wavelength stable in high altitude, we designed the temperature control system with digital and analog hybrid for heating or cooling. The ZEMAX is used to design the structure of the beam expander device with double-concave lens group, which can regulate the angle of divergence of the light beam. By conducting the environmental assessment and test, we proved that in the 0℃～15 ℃ environment, the stability of the output power and the control precision of the central wavelength could meet the requirements.

The manual-align system for packaging planar optical waveguide was improved with 3 monochrome cameras added, as well as 3 AV to USB capture cards, through which the align images could be gathered. In order to achieve the parallelism detection of the waveguide splitter with the input and the output of optical fiber array, by using the LabVIEW8.2 and IMAQ vision software programming, a series of processing and identification including image brightnesscontrast-gamma(BCG) adjustments, reverse, closing, edge detection, manual thresholding, morphological changes and linear fitting were carried out. It was proved that this system could save 10 min of the packaging time on average taking the 132-channel planar optical waveguide by one journeyman for example, reduce the amount of labor of the operator and the alignment loss, as well as the human error.

To improve wavefront quality in large scale laser, the residual stress in multi-layer films was controlled precisely by ion-assisted e-beam evaporation. Based on the analysis of the residual stress variation in single HfO2 layer and SiO2 layer, the effects of ion-source beam voltage and beam current on refractive index and residual stress in films were studied. The PV value of 540 mm340 mm60 mm reflective mirror was controlled below 0.5 (=632 nm). The damage threshold of the specimen tested with small-size beam was higher than 30 J/cm2 (N-on-1,1 064 nm, 5 ns). The large-size reflective mirror manufactured with this technology is applied successfully in a large aperture prototype device.

A segmentation method to separate the moving objects from their backgrounds in a video sequence is proposed. Firstly, the global motion estimation and compensation is performed. Secondly, the continuous twice difference for the adjacent frames in the video sequence is implemented and the noise is filtered out with the adaptive filtering, and then the morphologic treatment is carried out. Thirdly, the effect of uncovered and covered background is eliminated with the difference intersection technology. At last, the mask matching and updating enables the algorithm to handle both quickly changing objects and temporary stop moving objects. Experimental results indicate that the moving objects can be automaticly extracted from the video sequence by the method and it has the strong robustness.

The power of single-tube blue semiconductor laser is relatively low. In order to obtain high power laser output, the multi-tube fiber coupling technology was used to achieve 10 W blue laser output, and the white light source output synthetized by laser excitation phosphor sheet was taken as the car high beam light source.According to the requirements of automotive lighting regulations, an automobile high beam lighting system was designed, the optical structures of parabolic reflecting shade, biconcave lens and phosphor sheet as well as the influence of reflecting shade curve parameters, the positions of biconcave lens and phosphor sheet on the color temperature uniformity and illuminance of light source were described in detail.A elliptical parabolic reflecting shade with an elliptical opening of 19 mm×31.6 mm at the top, a circular opening of 5 mm diameter at the bottom and with the height of 60 mm was designed.When the phosphor sheet was placed at a distance of 15 mm from the reflector bottom, an elliptical spot of 5 m×12 m was obtained on the receiving surface 25 m from the light source, the white light source had a luminous flux of 1 025 lm and a center color temperature of 5 880 K, the central color coordinates were (x=0.322 6, y=0.369 2).Results show that the high beam lighting system meets the requirements of automobile lighting regulations.

A miniaturized uncooled infrared image processing system is designed by adopting the structure of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) embedded with NiosⅡ processor instead of Digital Signal Processor (DSP) +FPGA structure. A signal processing method based on pipelining model is proposed and applied in the system with the hardware and software development tools of NiosⅡ embedded processor. As indicated by the experiment result, the system can process the uncooled infrared image in real time. It has the merits of good performance and small volume.

In order to improve the installation and adjustment efficiency of off-axis three-mirror optical antenna of space laser communication, it is necessary to optimize the design of total freedom of the mirror. Based on the principle of coaxial three-mirror afocal system, a method of integration of primary-tertiary mirror was proposed. The relationship between structural parameters of optical system was deduced, and an off-axis three-mirror optical antenna with compact structure and primary-tertiary mirror integration was designed by Zemax optical software. The design results show that the optical image quality of full field of view is better than diffraction limit, the primary mirror and tertiary mirror are close to each other in space, the common mother plate can be processed and surface shape can be detected by the common reference, which provides a method for integrated processing of primary mirror and three-mirror. The degree of installation and adjustment freedom of optical antenna is reduced by 6, which reduces the difficulty and improves the efficiency.

The depth estimation of objects in the scene is a key issue in the field of the unmanned driving. The infrared images are helpful to solve the depth estimation problem under poor light conditions. Aiming at characteristics of unclear infrared images texture and insufficient edge information, a combination of attention mechanism and graph convolutional neural network was proposed to solve the problem of monocular infrared images depth estimation. First of all, in the depth estimation problem, the depth information of each pixel in the image was not only related to the depth information of its surrounding pixels, but also needed to consider the depth information of a larger range of other pixels. The attention mechanism could be effectively extract the pixel-level global depth information association of images. Secondly, the features obtained based on the depth information association could be considered as non-Euclidean data, and the graph convolutional neural network (GCN) was further used for reasoning. Finally, in the training phase, the continuous depth estimation regression problem was transformed into the classification problem, which made the training process more stable and reduced the learning difficulty of the network. The experimental results show that the proposed method has obtained good results on the infrared data set NUST-SR. When the threshold index is less than 1.25³, the accuracy rate is improved by 1.2%, which is more advantageous than other methods.

In view of heat dissipation existed in the high-power LED light, an optimization design was applied to the radiator of the high-power LED with a shroud under the air-cooling condition. A fluid analysis software was used to optimize the internal diameter and height of the shroud, the diameter of the inlet and the angle of the heat sink-s fins while the parameters of the fin structure were fixed. By changing these parameters, the parameters of the gas on the surface of the heat sink were changed in fluid shape and wind speed, and finally the convective heat transfer coefficient of the fin was changed. Through optimizing, a series of optimum parameters belonging to the shroud and the heat sink were obtained: the shroud-s height was 85mm, the inlet diameter was 76 mm, the outlet diameter was 83 mm and the angle of the heat sink was 9.It is concluded that the temperature of the heat sink has a certain degree of reduction after optimization, which can provide an optimized scheme for the cooling design of high-power LED lamps.

Based on the analysis of the influence of fiber coil on the overall performance of fiber optic gyro(FOG), we proposed to assess the quality of fiber coil by utilizing the Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) optical fiber sensing technology. Through the on-line testing, thermal stress testing and framework performance testing for fiber coil, we could discover and eliminate the stress spike and layering switch phenomena in time,also the optic fiber stress curve reversing induced by framework and heat stress could be removed.

According to noise characteristics of aerial image, this paper proposes a kind of wavelet transformation denosing method based on medium filtering for aerial image. The medium filter is applied to reduce image random noise, and wavelet transformation is made on filtered image. Compared to given threshold, the wavelet coefficients that could be judged as signal or noise obviously are processed, other coefficients are processed before running down in multi scale of wavelet. Experiments prove that this method improves image signal to noise ratio objectivley, and makes denoised image more clearly and suitable for human visual observation, which is good for analysis and judgement of aerial images.

In order to study the problem of motion attitude of high-speed flying projectiles, a rotating mirror synchronization tracking technique is proposed. A rotating mirror is placed in the direction of the main optical axis of the high speed CCD camera. The motion of the projectile in the ballistic line is reflected to the high speed CCD camera to achieve synchronous tracking. A rotating mirror tracking system based on the midpoint of the field of view of the high-speed CCD camera is designed. In the system, the motion model of projectiles and rotating mirrors is set up, and the curves of time varying with the MATLAB software are obtained. When the parameters are H=300 m and V=100 m/s, the errors existing in the system are analyzed. The results show that the system can achieve synchronous tracking of high-speed projectiles.

In order to realize the automatic focus of laser projection system, a laser dynamic focusing system was constructed. The system can adjust the mirror group spacing of the focusing system according to the change of the back-reflected light intensity signal, so that the laser scanning projection system can focus the minimum spot on the projection surface at different distances, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the system. Firstly, according to the principle of laser dynamic self-focusing system, two kinds of dynamic self-focusing schemes, optical lever type and inverted telephoto type, were designed and the corresponding mathematical models were derived; then, through the simulation of ZEMAX, two dynamic focusing systems were compared, and the self-focusing system with faster response speed and more reasonable structure was chosen; finally, a new self-focusing laser scanning projection system was set up, and the performance of dynamic focusing was verified. The experimental results show that the inverted telephoto type self-focusing system is more reasonable, at a projection surface of 4.5 m, the converging spot diameter is optimally up to 0.2 mm, which can improve the positioning accuracy of the laser scanning projector during auxiliary assembly to 0.1 mm. It can meet the precise positioning requirements of components in advanced manufacturing and assembly engineering.

The Tracepro software was redeveloped using dynamic data exchange (DDE)communication technology.The universal methods for connection, transmission, request, etc. in DDE communication protocols were proposed to be used, in order to realize the functions of transmitting script from redevelopment software for simulation and then retrieving the simulation results and returning to the redevelopment software. In the software, functions such as automatic model generation, automatic parameter configuration, automatic simulation, and optimization analysis can be realized, which can improve the design efficiency. Taking the design of LED cup modeling and simulation software as an example, the interaction with Tracepro was realized in software, and the rapid modeling, design and simulation of LED were completed.

In order to detect ［Ca2＋］i, a novel monochromatic source for the fluorescent microscope was designed. The system uses a short-arc Xenon lamp as light source. All the light is converged to a point source by the elliptical mirror. The point source is coupled into an optical fiber to form the monochromatic light output after collimating, light splitting and focusing by the blazed grating. In the illumination and excitation system of the fluorescence microscope, the light power and spectral purity of a monochromatic source are the two technical essentials，in which the aspherical reflector is the priority in design. The energy efficiency of the whole system was analyzed and calculated according to the optimization algorithm and the optical simulation. The elliptical reflector for the monochromatic source system was designed, and the complete equipment was developed. The experiment result shows that the elliptical mirror works in the whole system perfectly.

The design of a driver circuit for high-stability semiconductor laser is introduced. Its output current can be continuously adjusted from zero to two hundred milliamperes and its stability reaches 1.5×10-5. The variation of the output current is less than 1μA when its operation time is longer than 12h. The modulation of frequency and intensity of optical wave in the laser interferometry can be achieved by the modulated current (100kHz～300kHz) input, whose modulation depth is continuously adjustable from zero to one hundred milliampere. By applying the grating external cavity semiconductor laser and the auxiliary temperature-control current driven by the driver current to the interferometry, the laser output with stable power and single wavelength was obtained to eliminate the mode hopping phenomenon of lasers and to realize the longdistance measurement for small vibration.

To enlarge the measurement range of a potential vision meter and improve its measurement accuracy for patients with high error of refraction, the imaging characteristics of its optical system were investigated. The visual magnification equation of the system was derived. The influence of the focal length variation of the collimating lens and the imaging lens on the magnification was analyzed respectively. The focus of the collimating lens has effects on the slope of the visual magnification curve while the focus of the imaging lens affects visual magnification of the whole moving range in the same way. With ideal parameters, the visual magnification can remain constant independent of the position of the vision pad in the moving range, and the system error can be removed. The optimum parameters for the meter were found by numerical analysis and the measurement scope of the system was expanded from -7D～＋12D to -11D～＋15D.