为了研究高能硝胺发射药的摩擦静电起电特性,采用斜槽模拟高能硝胺发射药制造和使用过程中的摩擦行为,并利用法拉第筒测量了发射药摩擦后的静电带电量,系统研究了滑槽长度、接触介质、湿度、药体形貌以及配方组成对高能硝胺发射药摩擦静电起电特性的影响。结果表明,高能硝胺粒状发射药与不锈钢滑槽摩擦分离后带负电; 环境湿度从28%增至68%,药粒静电积累量降低近50%; 发射药静电积累量按接触介质排序为:不锈钢﹥导电橡胶﹥铝合金,均质叠氮硝胺发射药与接触介质的摩擦起电规律与高能硝胺发射药基本相同; 药粒与滑槽接触面积越大,静电积累量越高; 高固含量硝胺发射药药粒表面易产生RDX颗粒的剥离,与介质摩擦后静电积累量比均质叠氮硝胺发射药高35%; 质量分数0.1%的石墨光泽可将高能硝胺发射药静电积累量降低至接近于0,而配方中添加质量分数0.75%的CNT,高能硝胺发射药静电积累量仅降低34%。
Abstract
To study the frictional static electricity characteristics of high energy nitramine gun propellant, the flume method was adopted to simulate the electrostatic electrification by friction of high-energy nitramine gun propellant in the process of manufacture and application, and a Faraday cylinder was used to measure the frictional electrostatic charge. The influence of the flume length, contact medium, humidity, morphology and propellant formulation on the electrostatic accumulation characteristics of the propellants were systematically studied. The results show that the high energy nitramine propellant granular is negatively charged after passing through the stainless steel flume. The electrostatic accumulation of propellant particles decreases by nearly 50% when the environmental humidity increases from 28% to 68%. According to the contact medium, the effect degree on electrostatic accumulation of the gun propellant is stainless steel > conductive rubber > aluminum alloy. The triboelectrification performance of homogeneous azide gun propellant is basically the same as that of high energy nitramine gun propellant. The larger the contact area between the particle and the chute, the higher the electrostatic accumulation. Due to the stripping of RDX particles, the electrostatic accumulation of nitramine gun propellant with 40%(mass fraction)RDX is 35% higher than that of homogeneous nitramine propellant. Luster treatment with 0.1%(mass fraction)of graphite can reduce the electrostatic accumulation of high energy nitramine gun propellant close to zero, while the electrostatic accumulation of the granular is reduced by 34% adding 0.75%(mass fraction)CNT.
关键词
应用物理 /
高能硝胺发射药 /
静电安全 /
滑槽法 /
静电积累
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Key words
applied physics /
high energy nitramine propellant /
electrostatic safety /
flume method /
electrostatic accumulation
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