以某轮式自行火炮为例,以减少炮口初始扰动、提高射击精度为目标,建立了基于轮式自行火炮发射动力学仿真的优化设计模型。采用加权组合法将炮口角位移与角速度统一为单目标,分别应用序列二次规划法、粒子群算法、模拟退火算法及多岛遗传算法对其进行优化设计求解。比较结果发现,模拟退火算法及多岛遗传算法能够适应轮式自行火炮系统优化问题的求解需求; 粒子群算法尽管收敛速度较快,但优化结果不如模拟退火算法及多岛遗传算法; 序列二次规划法由于容易陷入局部最优,不能适应轮式自行火炮系统优化问题的求解需求。

To reduce the initial muzzle disturbance and increase the shooting accuracy of wheeled self-propelled gun,an optimization model was built based on the firing dynamics model of self-propelled gun.The muzzle angular-displacement and angular-velocity were normalized to a single target by weighted method.The model was optimized respectively by NLPQL,PSO,ASA and MIGA.The simulation results show that ASA and MIGA can meet the demand of the optimization problem of the wheeled self-propelled gun system.Although the convergence speed is quicker,the optimization result of PSO is not as good as that of ASA and MIGA.Because it is easy to fall into local optimum,NLPQL cannot adapt to the demand of the optimization problem of wheeled self-propelled gun system.