To research the output property of porous silicon (PS) energetic materials, the surface morphology and energy performance of PS/NaClO₄ composite energetic films were characterized and analyzed. Impulses of PS/NaClO₄ composite energetic materials in different ignition voltages were measured by thrust stand. The results show PS films are smooth and uncracked. The surface roughness is only 2.7 nm while the thickness is 25 μm. Sodium perchlorate with crystal water presents in the pores steadily. Reaction of PS/NaClO₄ composite materials begins at 494.7 ℃ and the heat generation is 689.5 J/g. Impulses of reactions are in the grade of μN?s, and the increase of impulses depends on the increase of ignition voltages.

Guanidine perchlorate was synthesized with guanidine carbonate and HClO₄ as raw materials. The structure, morphology, thermal decomposition and thermal stability of guanidine perchlorate were detected by XRD, elemental analyzer, Infrared spectrum analysis, SEM, TG and DSC. Its sensitivity and main blast performance were also measured. The XRD and infrared spectrum images of the products were almost the same when the molar ratio of guanidine carbonate and HClO₄ was 1∶2 or 1∶4. In combination with elemental analysis, they are all identified as CH₆O₄N₃Cl. In the addition of aluminum powder, the freeflowing property increases significantly, and the surface of guanidine perchlorate particles becomes smooth under morphology observation. Guanidine perchlorate is a relatively insensitive explosive, and its sensitivity is significantly less than that of SY and PETN. With different density, detonation velocities of pure and aluminum doped guanidine perchlorate are about 5 500 m/s. The addition of 5% aluminum powder(mass fraction)has little effect on detonation velocity.

Plasma ignition is a new ignition of gun propellant combustion, and performances of plasma generator have significant effect on the output of plasma. In order to achieve efficient plasma ignition of gun propellant, the output characteristics of bottomjet plasma generator were studied. The key internal structure of the plasma generator was adjusted to analyze the effect of these parameters on the outcome characteristics of plasma generator. The parameters were also optimized and validation experimentation was performed in a 30 mm cannon. The results show that the efficiency and the output voltage of plasma generator and the plasma jet pressure will decline when the aperture of capillary increases, but they will increase when the channels length increases. The plasma jet kinetic energy and pressure peak value will increase when the input voltage of pulse power supply increases. The difference between the effect of polythene (PE) and polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) on the outcome characteristics of bottomjet plasma generator is indistinctive. Optimized bottomjet plasma generator has a favorable effect on gun propellant in the 30 mm cannon.

ε-HNIW was synthesized by one-pot nitrolysis of 2, 6, 8,12-tetraacetyl-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazatetracyclo［5, 5, 0, 0^3,11,0^5,9］dodecane (TAIW) with N₂O₅/HNO₃ as the nitrating agent, which overcame the drawbacks of mix acid-nitrolysis and two step-crystal transformation. Structure and crystal form of ε-HNIW were characterized by NMR, MS and XRD. Yield of ε-HNIW is 82.72%, and its purity is 98.24%. By the use of new nitrating agent, the reaction eliminated the use of concentrated sulfuric acid and was ecofriendly. Moreover, ε-HNIW was directly transformed in the solution. The simplified process route shows good prospect in industry.

An energetic Pb（Ⅱ） complex of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) was synthesized, and its structure was characterized with FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The chemical composition of Pb（Ⅱ） complex of LLM-105 can be recognized as Pb (C₄H₂N₆O₅). Impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of Pb（Ⅱ） complex of LLM-105 is 102 cm and 18%, respectively. The thermal decomposition process of the title complex and catalytic effect of Pb（Ⅱ）complex of LLM-105 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was studied by means of the TG, DTG and DSC. The energetic complex presents one violent exothermic peak (240.7 ℃) with 56.2% residues. Measurements show that the energetic complex could accelerate the thermal decomposition of AP for which the decomposition temperature is reduced by 63.8 ℃. The energetic complex has a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of AP.

Synthesis of sorbitan sesquioleate was theoretically analyzed, and the effect of temperature, time, catalyst amount and other reaction conditions were investigated by variable method. The stability of emulsion matrix prepared by sorbitan sesquioleate was tested. Better conditions to synthesize sorbitan sesquioleate were obtained. Optimal reaction conditions are that: the etherification temperature is 155 ℃, the etherification time is 90 min, the etherification catalyst is phosphorous acid, and the mass ratio of catalyst is 0.5%; the esterification temperature is 205 ℃, the esterification time is 4 h, the esterification catalyst is NaOH, and the mass ratio of catalyst is 0.3%. The emulsion matrix prepared by sorbitan sesquioleate with optimal reaction conditions was tested by high and low temperature cycling, and the number of cycles will be up to 20.

Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and modified vent pipe test (MVPT) were used to study the influence of scale effect on thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium nitrate (AN). In DSC test, the decomposition onset temperature of AN was 277.45 ℃. While in ARC, it started at 245.62 ℃, and the pressure continued to rise until 261.16 ℃. In MVPT test, a significant thermal decomposition occurred at near 120 ℃, and reacted violently at 250 ℃. Test results indicate that the scale effect influences the thermal decomposition of AN significantly.

In order to strengthen the monitoring and management of online charge of industrial explosive to enhance the level of intrinsic safety of explosive production line, a monitoring and management system for online charge of explosive was designed. Flow parameters of explosive component in pharmaceutical production control system and information from the workshop are collected, operated and compared by the computer. The online charge in the explosive will be shown from this system. When the online charge reaches to a critical dose, automatic voice prompts, and different treatment measures will be taken according to different situations. When the online charge is overloaded, it alarms and the production stops. In this system, monitoring information is automatically recorded and backed up offsite. Allround monitoring management to workshop, enterprise management center, local regulatory authorities and competent administrative authorities could be achieved by network transmission.

Blocking of charging needles, unevenly distribution of explosive powder on the internal wall of nonel and instability of the velocity are often caused by adhesion of explosive powder to the bottom of charging needle in the charging process. To solve such problems, gas path devices were added to prevent the accumulation of explosive powder by blowing the explosive powder using micro flow. Results show that charging uniformity and detonation velocity heterogeneity of the nonel obviously increase after the blowing of micro flow. At the same time, adhesivity of explosive powder on the internal wall of nonel increases largely, the accumulation of explosive powder reduces, and the usage reliability is improved. Moreover, the temperature of the charging needle lowers by about 20 ℃ after the micro flow blowing. Thermal stability of explosive powder and safety in the production are both enhanced.

According to the using requirements of tandem warhead, a millisecond delay initiation device was designed in substitution for secondary charge of fuse action tandem warhead. Boron/potassium nitrate ignition composition was used in the millisecond delay initiation device to realize millisecond delay time. Because of the transition characteristics of deflagration to detonation, desensitized RDX-5 explosive was used to realize stable detonation transfer capability. The device is used for tandem warhead such as hard structure ammunition, anti airstrip ammunition, blasting pit device and so on. It not only can simplify the structure design of ammunition, but also increase the reliability. And it has subsequent characteristics: the use of safe, reliable capability and stable performance.

Because of the diversity of design parameters in underwater blasting and the complexity of influencing factors, the method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation were combined to optimize the design model of underwater blasting. Weighting can reflect the influence of various criteria and indicators for the target. In order to overcome the subjectivity of weight assignment process, the judgment matrix was used in the model to make weight distribution. The model was applied to optimize the blasting designs in the third phase of Jialing River waterway regulation engineering, and calculated scheme 1^# was selected as the optimal solution. In blasting construction undertaken with this scheme, the vibration velocity near the critical zone of the bridge was well controlled. Rock has met the requirement of the degree of clinker and slag removal effect is good.

An asymmetrical building with a reinforced concreted structure, which was in a complicated environment, was demolished by a directional controlled blasting scheme. The blasting demolition of an eleventhstorey building named Mengcheng Yongqing Building was taken as an example. Parameters including blasting scheme, pretreatment, design of blasting cuts, selection of reasonable blasting parameters, security checking of blasting and so on were introduced. Results indicate that the blasting scheme ensured the accuracy of the directional collapse of asymmetric structures and the full disintegration and thus anticipated demolition results are achieved. It could provide a reference for similar blasting projects.

The secondary aggregation process of the jet of annular shaped charge with offset angles was simulated by the finite element software LS-DYNA. Effects of the quality size of the aggregation jet and the cone angle of liners on the jet aggregation performance were analyzed and verified by experiment. Results are as follows. The annular shaped charge with offset angles can improve the conversion of liner material into jet, increase the continuous stretch length of jet and the velocity of jet tip, and improve the jet stability. As the cone angle increases, the velocity of secondary aggregation jet tip decreases and the diameter of jet tip increases. For the 15° offset angle shaped charge, smaller cavity of aggregation jet tip and better penetration effect can be generated when the cone angle is 40°. The results can provide a reference for the practical engineering design of annular shaped charge.

In order to verify the application of hydrodynamic cavitation in the charging removal from waste ammunition and identify correlative parameters, the hydrodynamic cavitation removal experiment system was designed and applied using a certain type of illuminant candle to study the influences of the nozzle inlet pressure, spraying distance and erosion time on the erosion effect of the illuminant candle. Experimental results show that the hydrodynamic cavitation experiment system can be used in erosion of illuminant candle. The erosion effect is enhanced with the boosting of nozzle inlet pressure. Spraying distance influences the erosion effect, in which there exists an optimal spraying distance. The erosion effect increases in a certain extent and then tends to be stable with the boosting of erosion time. It is an innovative way for removing explosive from waste ammunition.