钝体后方的流动分离会诱发阻力大幅增加、升力上下波动等严重后果，有效控制钝体的流动分离对提升其力学性能至关重要。采用美国TSI公司出厂IFA300恒温热线风速仪，在小型低速风洞中较系统地研究了连续吹喷-抽吸控制方法对圆柱尾流的影响规律。测试结果表明：前缘连续抽吸与后缘连续吹喷联合的方法可大幅削弱圆柱的流动分离，减小尾流区范围，显著抑制尾流区的湍流度；而且在测试范围内，前缘连续抽吸和后缘连续吹喷的速度及角度增加均可提高流动控制效果，例如，在抽吸-吹喷角度分别为50°和70°、抽吸-吹喷速度为3倍来流速度时，圆柱尾部低速区基本消失，湍流度大幅降低，甚至不足未施加控制时湍流度的5%。通过对比单独前缘连续抽吸、单独后缘连续吹喷的控制效果发现，连续吹喷-抽吸控制方法中，后缘吹喷的贡献大于前缘抽吸，是实现圆柱尾部流场高效控制的关键。
Abstract
The flow separation behind a bluff body causes adverse effects such as increased resistance and fluctuation of lift force. Therefore, it is of great importance to control the flow separation on the bluff bodies so as to improve their mechanical properties. An active control method, which combines continuous blow and suction, is employed to circular cylinders,and the wake characteristics of cylinders are researched systematically using an IFA300 constant-temperature anemometer in a small low speed wind tunnel. Test results show that the combination of front suction and rear blow can significantly weaken the flow separation of cylinders, reduce the range of wake region, and greatly suppress the turbulence of this region.The increase in blow-suction velocity and angle can both promote the effectiveness of flow control in the test range, especially for cases with angle of 50° or 70° and a velocity which is three times the inflow velocity. In this instance, the low velocity zone behind the cylinder is almost disappeared, and the turbulence decreases greatly, which is even less than 5% of turbulence when the cylinder is not controlled.By comparing the control effects of a circular cylinder with single front continuous suction or single rear continuous blow, it is found that the contribution of rear blow is much greater than that of the front suction in the continuous blow-suction control method, which indicates that the former plays a key role to efficiently control the cylinder wake flow.
关键词
圆柱 /
尾流 /
流动分离 /
主动控制 /
连续吹喷-抽吸控制
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Key words
circularcylinder /
wakeflow /
flowseparation /
activecontrol /
continuousblow-suctioncontrol
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目（52071272、51679203）； 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2020JC-18)； 中央高校基本科研业务费 专项项目(3102020HHZY030014)； 工业和信息化部基础前沿项目（2018年）
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