精锻身管弹膛成形是弹线膛同锻工艺中的重点和难点，弹膛内壁的成形质量直接关系到身管的精度和使用寿命，内壁产生圈纹是弹膛部位主要的成形缺陷。分析弹膛在锻造过程中身管内壁材料的受力特点和流动情况，结合有限元仿真和试验研究，通过圈纹产生的位置分析圈纹产生的原因，并建立相关的判断准则。对比弹膛内壁材料应力分析曲线和枪管锻打试验结果，发现环向圈纹的产生与内壁受压失稳有关，弹膛内壁在锻造过程中的切向应力分量超过临界值即出现失稳起皱现象。进一步研究发现，弹膛部位的锻造段锻造比达到临界值时，内壁产生的圈纹会在后续锻打过程中被重新压平，消除弹膛成形缺陷。结果表明：身管弹膛内壁在锻造过程中切向压应力超过约2 150 MPa即 发生失稳从而产生环向圈纹；压平弹膛内壁环向圈纹的锻造段锻造比阈值约为28.5%.
Abstract
The forming of barrel chamber is the key and difficult point in the radial forging process. The forming quality of inner wall of chamber is directly related to the accuracy and service life of barrel. The ring pattern on the inner wall is the main forming defect of chamber. The force characteristics and flow conditions of the inner wall of chamber during the radial forging process are analyzed. The forming causes of ring pattern defeact are analyzed from its forming position through finite element analysis and experiment, and the relevant judgment criteria for ring pattern are established. The stress analysis curves of inner wall material were compared with the forging experimental results of barrel. It is found that the generation of ring pattern is related to the instability of inner wall. When the tangential stress component of inner wall exceeds the critical value, the instability wrinkles appear. Further research show that the ring pattern on the inner wall is flattened in the subsequent forging process,and the defect of chamber can be eliminated when the forging ratio of forging section of chamber reaches the critical value. The results show that the tangential compressive stress of inner wall is more than 2 150 MPa during forging process, which leads to the instability of inner wall. When the forging ratio of forging section exceeds 28.5%, the ring pattern on the inner wall can be flattened. Key
关键词
精锻身管 /
弹膛内壁 /
圈纹 /
成形 /
起皱 /
缺陷 /
锻造比
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Key words
precisionforgedchamber /
innerwall /
ringpattern /
forming /
wrinkle /
defect /
forgingratio
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基金
国防基础科研项目（JCKY2016209A002）
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第41卷第3期2020年3月
兵工学报ACTA ARMAMENTARII
Vol.41No.3Mar.2020
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脚注
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