针对国内光电直读型钢铁检测微型光谱仪研究的不足，提出基于Czerny-Turner结构的系统设计方法，讨论了优化方法及验证方法，并加工出了光谱仪。光谱仪采用三次多项式拟合标定波长，实测分辨率在436 nm~608 nm全谱段达0.225 nm、中心谱段达0.135 nm，基本满足钢铁检测要求。提出一种基于多帧判断的定性分析方法，7种待测元素检出限优于1.5%，通过建立拟合光谱数据库实现半定量分析，25种样品检测精度达2%，为钢铁牌号识别提供重要参考。

In consideration of inadequate research on photoelectric direct reading spectrometer used for steel detecting,we presented the Czerny-Turner system design method, discussed the optimization method and verifying method, as well as developed the spectrometer. It adopted cubic polynomial to fit calibration wavelength, and the tested resolution reached 0.225 nm in 436 nm~608 nm all band and 0.135 nm in mid band which could meet the demands of steel detecting. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis method based on multi-frame judgment guaranteed a 1.5% detective limit of 7 kinds of elements. The half quantitative analysis based on fitting spectrum database could offer 2% detective precision of the 25 kinds of samples. They could provide an important reference for the recognition of steel mark.