制备了ZrO₂/SO₄^2-、TiO₂/SO₄^2-和一系列不同Zr/Ti原子数比的ZrO₂-TiO₂/SO₄^2-固体超强酸催化剂。通过气相色谱研究了诸如催化剂的Zr/Ti原子数比、催化剂的焙烧温度、硝化反应时间、硝化反应温度及催化剂的重复使用等因素对甲苯硝酸硝化区域选择性的影响。结果表明，在醋酐存在条件下，以硝酸(质量分数为65%)为硝化剂，反应温度控制在40 ℃，反应进行60 min，经500 ℃焙烧3 h后的ZrO₂/SO42-(Zr/Ti原子数比为1:1)固体超强酸催化剂，对甲苯表现出了强的区域选择性，甲苯硝化产物邻对位比达0.90,较硝硫混酸的1.67显著降低，产物得率达到92.9%。该催化剂可循环使用5次，催化活性基本不变，是一种具有应用前景的绿色硝化反应催化剂。

The experimental and pilot plant scalepreparation ofdinitrogen pentoxide (N₂O₅) and three nitration systemsbased on it were reviewed with 30 references. N₂O₅/nitricacid system is a very powerful nitration reagent and particularly valuable forthe nitration of highly deactivated aromatics. N₂O₅/organicsolvent system is a much milder and more selective nitration reagent, which iswell suited for the cases that the substrates or products are sensitive to acid or water, andfor regioselective O-nitration. N₂O₅/solid carrier systemexhibits most preformances of N₂O₅/organic solvent system. Moreover, this system can avoid tousing large quantity of toxic organic solvent and make operation and product seperationmuch easier because the nitrationreaction takes place on the surface of solid carrier.