为探究主体炸药HMX的粒度对PBX(HMX)/AP复合含能材料的热分解和激光点火性能的影响,通过溶剂-非溶剂法对原料HMX和AP进行重结晶并筛分得到不同粒径分布的HMXR和细粒度APR(5～20μm),进而制备含不同HMX粒度的PBX(HMX)/AP,对所得晶体和复合物分别进行SEM、DSC、DSC-IR及热分解动力学和1064nm激光点火测试。结果表明,HMXR和APR的热分解表观活化能Ea和热爆炸临界温度Tb随着晶体粒度减小而减小; PBX(HMX)/AP中,HMXRC的粒径范围为30～140μm、d50为68μm、按HMX与AP零氧平衡配比的PBX(HMXRC)/AP热性能最优,其热分解表观活化能Ea为212.78kJ/mol,比HMXRC降低约274.44kJ/mol; 其热爆炸临界温度为197.45℃,比HMXRC降低约76.25℃,比APR降低约81.63℃; 含不同HMX粒度的PBX(HMX)/AP的点火延迟时间随着HMX粒度的减小而减小,质量燃烧速率相应增大,其中零氧平衡配比的PBX(HMXRC)/AP的激光点火性能最佳,其激光点火延迟时间为8200ms,质量燃烧速率为0.718g/(cm2·s)。表明HMX粒度范围影响传热、传质和物质间相互作用效率,进而影响点火、传火性能; 细粒度和零氧平衡及良好的黏结复合最有利于PBX(HMX)/AP中HMX与AP的协同热分解。
Abstract
To explore the effect of the particle size of HMX on the thermal decomposition and laser ignition properties of PBX(HMX)/AP composite energetic materials, the raw material HMX and AP were recrystallized by solvent-non-solvent method and screened to obtain HMXR with different particle sizes and the fine-grained APR(5—20μm). Furthermore, PBX(HMX)/AP was prepared by HMX with different particle sizes. The crystals and composite products were characterized by SEM, DSC, DSC-IR, thermal decomposition dynamics, and laser ignition tests(1064nm). The results show that the apparent activation energy Ea and the thermal explosion critical temperature Tb of HMXR decrease with the decreasing of crystallographic granularity. Among the PBX(HMX)/AP samples, PBX(HMXRC)/AP with zero oxygen balance prepared by the HMXRC and having a particle size range of 30—140μm and d50 of 68μm exhibits the optimal properties. It has an activation energy of 212.78kJ/mol, about 274.44kJ/mol lower than that of HMXRC, and a thermal explosion critical temperature of 197.45℃, nearly 76.25℃ lower than that of HMXRC and 81.63℃ lower than that of APR. The ignition delay time decreases with the decreasing of HMX size, and the mass combustion velocity increases accordingly. PBX(HMXRC)/AP also exhibits the best laser ignition performance with a laser ignition delay time of 8200ms and a mass combustion velocity of 0.718g/(cm2·s), showing that the size range of HMX affects the efficiency of heat transfer, mass transfer, and material interaction, which further affects the ignition and flame transition. The fine granularity and zero oxygen balance benefit the cooperative thermal decomposition of HMX and AP.
关键词
物理化学 /
PBX(HMX) /
F2311/HMX/石蜡/AP /
HMX粒度 /
热分析动力学 /
激光点火
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Key words
physical chemistry /
PBX(HMX) /
F2311/HMX/paraffin/AP /
granularity /
thermal decomposition dynamics /
laser ignition
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